When to use this template
- You, or a close family member you cared for, had a serious illness or a hospital stay.
- The illness covered the due date and stopped you from filing or paying.
- You can show the dates, for example with hospital records or a doctor's letter.
Reasonable cause letter: Serious Illness or Hospitalization
Replace every [bracketed] blank with your own facts and dates, and delete what does not apply. Only state what you can document.
39 blanks to fill in
[Your full name] [Spouse's full name, if a joint return (optional)] [Street address] [City, state and ZIP code] [Daytime phone number]
[Date]
Internal Revenue Service [Address from your notice, or the IRS address for your state]
Re: Request for penalty relief for reasonable cause (Serious Illness or Hospitalization) Taxpayer: [Your full name] Taxpayer ID: [SSN or ITIN] Tax form and year: [Tax form, for example 1040], [Tax year] Notice: [Notice number, for example CP14] dated [Notice date] Penalty: [Penalty name, for example failure-to-file], [Penalty amount]
Dear Sir or Madam:
I am asking the IRS to remove the [Penalty name, for example failure-to-file] penalty of [Penalty amount] for tax year [Tax year] for reasonable cause. Below I explain what happened, how it kept me from complying, and what I did to comply once I could. Copies of supporting documents are enclosed.
1. What Happened
On [Diagnosis Date], I was diagnosed with [Medical Condition] by Dr. [Treating Physician] at [Medical Facility]. This condition required [Treatment Description] from [Treatment Start Date] to [Treatment End Date]. During this period, I was [Incapacity Description].
2. How It Prevented Compliance
During this period, I was unable to [What You Couldnt Do] because [Specific Limitation]. My condition prevented me from [Activities Prevented] which are necessary to [Tax Obligation]. I was the [Sole Responsibility] person responsible for handling tax matters in my household.
3. Ordinary Business Care Exercised
Prior to this illness, I exercised ordinary business care by [Prior Care Actions]. I have a history of [Compliance History]. I had already [Preparation Before Illness (optional)] before becoming ill on [Date Illness Began].
4. Corrective Actions Taken
As soon as I was medically able, I took the following corrective actions: [Corrective Actions]. I [Filing/Payment Action] on [Date of Compliance], which was [Days After Recovery] days after [Recovery Event]. I have also [Preventive Steps (optional)] to prevent this situation from recurring.
For these reasons, I ask the IRS to remove the penalty. If you need more information, you can reach me at [Daytime phone number]. Thank you for considering my request.
Sincerely,
[Signature] [Your full name]
[Spouse's signature, if a joint return (optional)] [Spouse's full name, if a joint return (optional)]
Enclosures: - Copy of notice [Notice number, for example CP14] - Physician Letter - Hospital Records - Prescription Records
Free to copy, edit and send — anyone may use this text for any purpose, no credit needed. Template licence
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Answer a few questions and our free tool fills in the letter for you.
Open the free toolWhat to attach
- Copy of the IRS noticeRequired
All pages.
- Physician LetterRequired
Letter on physician letterhead stating diagnosis, treatment period, and incapacity
- Hospital RecordsRequired
Admission and discharge records showing treatment dates
- Prescription RecordsOptional
If medication affected mental capacity (painkillers, sedatives, etc.)
- Prior Year Tax ReturnsOptional
Copies showing your history of timely compliance
- Calendar/Appointment RecordsOptional
Evidence you had scheduled tax preparation before illness
Where to send it
If you are answering a notice, mail your request to the return address on that notice.
No notice? Use the IRS address for your state below. It is the address for Form 1040 returns without a payment; business and other returns use different addresses.
Keep a copy of everything you send, and use a mailing method that gives you proof of mailing.
Where to file addresses on irs.govMake your letter stronger
What to stress
- The SEVERITY of the illness - life-threatening conditions are most compelling
- That you were INCAPACITATED, not just sick - unable to perform basic tasks
- That you were the SOLE person responsible for tax matters
- The SPECIFIC dates of hospitalization or treatment
- How QUICKLY you filed/paid once medically able
- Your CLEAN compliance history before this incident
What not to say
- "I was too sick to think about taxes" - too vague, lacks medical specificity
- "I had a cold/flu" - minor illnesses are not compelling
- "I was stressed about my health" - stress alone is not incapacity
- "My doctor told me to rest" - you need to show actual incapacity
- "I forgot because I was dealing with health issues" - forgetfulness is never valid
- Do NOT exaggerate - IRS can verify medical claims
Common reasons the IRS says no
- Illness was minor (cold, flu, general fatigue)
- No documentation from medical provider
- Taxpayer was not incapacitated - just feeling unwell
- Another family member could have handled tax matters
- Long delay between recovery and filing/payment
- Generic "doctors note" without specific incapacity language
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